It is our duty to force all mankind to accept the seven Noahide laws, and if not—they will be killed.” (Rabbi Yitzhak Ginsburg, Ma’ariv, October 6, 2004)
“The penalty for violating any of these Noahide Laws is spelled out on page 1192 of the Encyclopedia Judaica, … ‘violation of any one of the seven laws subjects the Noahide to capital punishment by decapitation’.”
Catholic worship Jesus and that is considered idolatry.
Catholic eat meat with blood.
When members of the Catholic Hierarchy agree with Jews that all should accept the "Laws." I do not remember being asked if I agree with them.
I DON'T AND NO REAL CATHOLIC DOES.
Laws which were supposed by the Rabbis to have been binding upon mankind at large even before the revelation at Sinai, and which are still binding upon non-Jews. The term Noachian indicates the universality of these ordinances, since the whole human race was supposed to be descended from the three sons of Noah, who alone survived the Flood. Although only those laws which are found in the earlier
chapters of the Pentateuch, before the
record of the revelation at Sinai, should,
it would seem, be binding upon all mankind,
yet the Rabbis discarded some and, by
hermeneutic rules or in accordance with
some tradition (see Judah ha-Levi, "Cuzari," iii. 73), introduced others which are not found there.
Basing their views on the passage in Gen.
ii. 16, they declared that the following six commandments were enjoined upon Adam:
(1) not to worship idols; (2) not to blaspheme
the name of God; (3) to establish courts of
justice; (4) not to kill; (5) not to commit
adultery; and (6) not to rob (Gen. R. xvi. 9,
xxiv. 5; Cant. R. i. 16; comp. Seder 'Olam
Rabbah, ed. Ratner, ch. v. and notes, Wilna, 1897; Maimonides, "Yad," Melakim, ix. 1). A
seventh commandment was added after the
Flood—not to eat flesh that had been cut
from a living animal (Gen. ix. 4). Thus,
the Talmud frequently speaks of "the seven
laws of the sons of Noah," which were
regarded as obligatory upon all mankind, in contradistinction to those that were binding
upon Israelites only (Tosef., 'Ab. Zarah, ix. 4; Sanh. 56a et seq.).
While many additions were made to these
laws by some of the tannaim—e.g., the
prohibitions against eating the blood of a
living animal, against the emasculation of
animals, against sorcery, against pairing
animals of different species, and against
grafting trees of different kinds (ib. 56b)—
so that in one place thirty Noachian laws
are mentioned (Ḥul. 92a; comp. Yer. 'Ab.
Zarah ii. 1), the prevalent opinion in the
Talmud is that there are only seven laws
which are binding upon all mankind. In
another baraita (Tanna debe Menasseh) the
seven Noachian prohibitions are enumerated
as applying to the following: (1) idolatry,
(2) adultery, (3) murder, (4) robbery, (5)
eating of a limb cut from a living animal,
(6) the emasculation of animals, (7) the
pairing of animals of different species (Sanh. 56b).
Laws Before Sinai.With regard to the other laws which are
mentioned in the Book of Genesis and
which were not included among the Noachian
laws, as, for instance, circumcision and the prohibition against eating of the "sinew that shrank," the Rabbis laid down the following principle: "Every law that was enjoined
upon the Noachidæ and was repeated at
Sinai is meant to apply both to Israelites
and to non-Israelites; laws that were enjoined
upon the Noachidæ and were not repeated a
t Sinai apply to Israelites only" (Sanh. 59a;
R. Jose ben Ḥanina; comp. Bacher, "Ag. Pal
. Amor." i. 430 and note). By this principle a
number of the pre-Sinaitic laws were excluded
from the Noachian laws, although it required a great deal of speculative reasoning to make this principle apply to all cases (Sanh. 59b).
In the elaboration of these seven Noachian
laws, and in assigning punishments for their transgression, the Rabbis are sometimes more lenient and sometimes more rigorous with
Noachidæ then with Israelites. With but a
few exceptions, the punishment meted out
to a Noachid for the transgression of any
of the seven laws is decapitation, the least
painful of the four modes of execution of
criminals (see Capital Punishment). The many formalities of procedure essential when the
accused is an Israelite need not be observed
in the case of the Noachid. The latter may be convicted on the testimony of one witness,
even on that of relatives, but not on that of a
woman. He need have had no warning
("hatra'ah") from the witnesses; and a single
judge may pass sentence on him (ib. 57a, b;
"Yad," l.c. ix. 14). With regard to idolatry, he
can be found guilty only if he worshiped an
idol in the regular form in which that particular deity is usually worshiped; while in the case of blasphemy he may be found guilty, even when
he has blasphemed with one of the attributes
of God's name—an action which, if committed
by an Israelite, would not be regarded as criminal (ib. 56b; see Blasphemy).
Procedure.The Noachidæ are required to establish courts
of justice in every city and province; and these courts are to judge the people with regard to
the six laws and to warn them against the transgression of any of them (ib.; "Yad," l.c. ix.
14, x. 11; comp. Naḥmanides on Gen. xxxiv. 13, where the opinion is expressed that these courts should judge also cases other than those coming under the head of the six laws, as, for example, larceny, assault and battery, etc.). In the case of murder, if the Noachid slay a child in its mother's womb, or kill a person whose life is despaired
of ("ṭerefah"), or if he cause the death of a
person by starving him or by putting him
before a lion so that he can not escape, or if
he slay a man in self-defense, the Noachid is
guilty of murder and must pay the death-penalty, although under the same circumstances an Israelite would not be executed (ib. 57b; "Yad," l.c. ix. 4; comp. "Kesef Mishneh," ad loc.).
Only six cases of what would ordinarily be
illicit connection are forbidden to the Noachid:
(1) with mother; (2) with father's wife, even
after the father's death; (3) with a married
woman, whether married to a Jew or to a
non-Jew; (4) with sister by the same mother;
(5) pederasty; (6) bestiality. In these cases also there are differences in the punishment inflicted, dependent upon whether the offenses are
committed by a Noachid or by an Israelite (see "Yad," l.c. ix. 5-8). The Noachid is punished
with decapitation for all kinds of robbery,
whether
from a Jew or from a non-Jew, even though
the article stolen is worth less than a peruṭah
(the smallest Palestinian coin, for less than
which no case can be instituted against an
Israelite). The Noachid is executed also if he eat of a limb cu
t from a living animal, even though the quantity consumed be less than the size of an olive (the minimum portion for the eating of which an
Israelite may be punished; "Yad," l.c. ix. 9-13).
Special Exceptions.The Noachid is free from punishment if he commits a sin unwittingly; ignorance of the
Law, however, does not excuse him. If he
commits a sin under duress, even one for
which an Israelite is obliged to undergo
martyrdom rather than transgress (e.g.,
idolatry, adultery, or murder), he is not
liable to punishment (Mak. 9a; Sanh. 74b;
"Yad," l.c. x. 1, 2; comp. "Leḥem Mishneh"
and "Kesef Mishneh," ad loc.). A Noachid
who slays another Noachid, or worships
idols, or blasphemes, or has illicit connection
with the wife of another Noachid, and then
becomes a proselyte, is free from punishment.
If, however, he has killed an Israelite, or has
had illicit connection with the wife of an
Israelite, and then becomes a proselyte, he
must submit to the punishment that is inflicted
upon an Israelite found guilty of such a transgression (Sanh. 71b; "Yad," l.c. x. 4).
A Noachid who wishes to observe any of the
laws of the Torah is not prevented from doing
so. With regard to the prohibition against a
Noachid studying the Law or observing the
Sabbath, see Gentile in Relation to Jews.
He who observed the seven Noachian laws was regarded as a domiciled alien (
In the Messianic age the Noachidæ will accept all the laws of the Torah, although later they will again reject them (Yer. 'Ab. Zarah ii. 1).
- Hamburger, R. B. T. ii., s.v. Noachiden;
- Hirschfeld, Pflichten und Gesetze der Noachiden, in Kobak's Jeschurun, iv. 1-19;
- Levinsohn, Zerubbabel, ii. 74-87, Warsaw, 1878;
- Weber, System der Altsynag. Paläst. Theologie, § 56, Leipsic, 1880;
- Zweifel, Sanegor, pp. 269 et seq., Warsaw, 1894.
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